一、 安全操作準(zhǔn)則

　　1、 Safety operation guidelines

　　相容性第一：絕對禁止將不相容的危廢混合存放在同一柜內(nèi)（如酸和堿、易燃物和氧化劑）。必須根據(jù)廢物的化學(xué)性質(zhì)，使用對應(yīng)類別的專用暫存柜。明確標(biāo)識：柜外標(biāo)識：柜體正前方和側(cè)面必須張貼清晰的、符合國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的危險廢物標(biāo)識和警示牌（如“易燃液體”、“腐蝕品”）。同時應(yīng)張貼安全信息牌，注明責(zé)任人、緊急聯(lián)系電話、存儲的廢物類型等。柜內(nèi)標(biāo)識：所有存放廢物的容器都必須貼有內(nèi)容物信息標(biāo)簽，注明廢物名稱、成分、危險特性、產(chǎn)生日期等信息。容量限制：柜內(nèi)存放的廢物總量不應(yīng)超過設(shè)計容量。柜內(nèi)容器放置不應(yīng)超過防漏門檻的高度。遵守“一企一策”的要求，單一暫存柜的存儲量通常不得超過《危險廢物貯存污染控制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（GB 18597）規(guī)定的限值（通常為1000公斤）。保持密閉：除了存取廢物的時間外，柜門應(yīng)始終保持關(guān)閉并上鎖，以防揮發(fā)、泄漏和未經(jīng)授權(quán)的 access。接地防靜電：對于存儲易燃液體的暫存柜，必須進(jìn)行靜電接地，以消除火災(zāi)隱患。柜體應(yīng)設(shè)有專用的接地螺絲，并用導(dǎo)線連接到建筑物的接地系統(tǒng)。

　　Compatibility first: It is absolutely prohibited to store incompatible hazardous wastes (such as acids and bases, flammable materials, and oxidants) in the same cabinet. Special temporary storage cabinets of corresponding categories must be used based on the chemical properties of the waste. Clear identification: Outside the cabinet, clear hazardous waste labels and warning signs that comply with national standards (such as "flammable liquids" and "corrosive substances") must be posted on the front and sides of the cabinet. At the same time, safety information boards should be posted, indicating the responsible person, emergency contact number, type of waste stored, etc. Cabinet labeling: All containers storing waste must be labeled with content information, indicating the waste name, composition, hazardous characteristics, production date, and other information. Capacity limit: The total amount of waste stored in the cabinet should not exceed the design capacity. The placement of containers inside the cabinet should not exceed the height of the leak proof threshold. According to the requirement of "one enterprise, one policy", the storage capacity of a single temporary storage cabinet should generally not exceed the limit specified in the "Pollution Control Standards for Hazardous Waste Storage" (GB 18597) (usually 1000 kilograms). Keep sealed: The cabinet door should be kept closed and locked at all times except during the time of waste access to prevent volatilization, leakage, and unauthorized access. Grounding and anti-static: For temporary storage cabinets storing flammable liquids, static grounding must be carried out to eliminate fire hazards. The cabinet should be equipped with dedicated grounding screws and connected to the building's grounding system with wires.

　　二、 放置與安裝要求

　　2、 Placement and installation requirements

　　位置選擇：應(yīng)放置在平整、堅固、不易受撞擊的室內(nèi)地面。遠(yuǎn)離火源、熱源、陽光直射和主要人員通道。方便危廢的存入和后續(xù)的清運操作。周邊留有安全距離，便于檢查和應(yīng)急處理。安裝步驟：檢查柜體是否完好，配件是否齊全。將柜子放置在預(yù)定位置，調(diào)整支腳使柜體保持水平。（對于易燃柜）安裝接地線，并測試接地有效性。（如需通風(fēng)）連接通風(fēng)管道到公司的廢氣處理系統(tǒng)。張貼所有必要的安全標(biāo)識和信息牌。

　　Location selection: It should be placed on a flat, sturdy, and impact resistant indoor floor. Stay away from sources of fire, heat, direct sunlight, and major personnel passages. Facilitating the storage and subsequent disposal of hazardous waste. Leave a safe distance around for inspection and emergency response. Installation steps: Check if the cabinet is intact and if the accessories are complete. Place the cabinet in the designated position and adjust the legs to keep the cabinet level. Install grounding wire (for flammable cabinets) and test the effectiveness of grounding. If ventilation is required, connect the ventilation duct to the company's exhaust gas treatment system. Post all necessary safety signs and information boards.

　　三、 日常存儲管理

　　3、 Daily storage management

　　存入前檢查：檢查廢液容器是否密封完好、無泄漏，標(biāo)簽是否清晰無誤。規(guī)范放置：較大的、較重的容器應(yīng)放在下層。容器之間留有間隙，避免碰撞。確保容器蓋擰緊，直立放置。盛漏措施：柜內(nèi)層板上可放置防漏托盤，容器下方放置吸液棉（吸附棉），實現(xiàn)二次防泄漏 containment。登記臺賬：每次存入或取出危廢，都應(yīng)在《危廢暫存管理臺賬》上詳細(xì)記錄，包括種類、數(shù)量、時間、經(jīng)辦人等，確保賬物相符。

　　Pre storage inspection: Check whether the waste liquid container is sealed properly, without leakage, and whether the label is clear and accurate. Standard placement: Larger and heavier containers should be placed on the lower layer. Leave gaps between containers to avoid collisions. Ensure that the container lid is tightened and placed upright. Leakage prevention measures: Leak proof trays can be placed on the shelves inside the cabinet, and absorbent cotton (absorbent cotton) can be placed under the container to achieve secondary leak prevention. Registration ledger: Each time hazardous waste is deposited or withdrawn, it should be recorded in detail in the "Hazardous Waste Temporary Storage Management Ledger", including the type, quantity, time, handler, etc., to ensure that the account matches the material.

　　四、 應(yīng)急處理泄漏處理：柜內(nèi)應(yīng)常備化學(xué)品吸附棉、吸附沙等應(yīng)急物資。一旦發(fā)生泄漏，立即用吸附材料覆蓋清理，并將吸附后的廢物作為危險廢物另行存放?；馂?zāi)應(yīng)急：柜旁應(yīng)配備相應(yīng)類型的滅火器（如BC干粉、CO滅火器）。若柜內(nèi)起火，在保證自身安全的前提下，初期火災(zāi)可用滅火器撲救；火勢擴(kuò)大應(yīng)立即報警并疏散。身體接觸：柜旁應(yīng)設(shè)置緊急沖淋洗眼裝置。若廢物濺到皮膚或眼睛，立即用大量清水沖洗至少15分鐘，并就醫(yī)。

　　4、 Emergency response for leakage: Chemical absorbent cotton, absorbent sand and other emergency supplies should be kept in the cabinet. Once a leak occurs, immediately cover and clean it with adsorbent material, and store the adsorbed waste separately as hazardous waste. Fire emergency: Corresponding types of fire extinguishers (such as BC dry powder and CO fire extinguishers) should be equipped next to the cabinet. If a fire breaks out inside the cabinet, a fire extinguisher can be used to extinguish the initial fire while ensuring personal safety; The fire should be immediately reported and evacuated as it spreads. Physical contact: An emergency eye wash device should be installed next to the cabinet. If waste splashes onto the skin or eyes, immediately rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention.

　　五、 維護(hù)與檢查

　　5、 Maintenance and Inspection

　　每日檢查：檢查柜門是否鎖閉，外觀有無異常。每周/每月檢查：檢查接地線是否完好，通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)（如有）是否正常，標(biāo)識是否清晰，內(nèi)部有無泄漏痕跡，應(yīng)急物資是否有效。清潔：定期清理柜內(nèi)外，保持整潔，但嚴(yán)禁使用可能引起化學(xué)反應(yīng)的清潔劑。重要提醒：本說明書為通用指南，具體操作必須嚴(yán)格遵守中國國家及地方的環(huán)保法律法規(guī)（如《固體廢物污染環(huán)境防治法》、《危險廢物貯存污染控制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（GB 18597-2023）等）。企業(yè)必須對危廢管理人員進(jìn)行專業(yè)培訓(xùn)，確保其熟悉所管理廢物的危險特性和應(yīng)急措施。危廢暫存柜僅為臨時貯存設(shè)施，貯存期限一般不得超過一年，并需及時委托有資質(zhì)的危廢處理單位進(jìn)行清運處置。

　　Daily inspection: Check if the cabinet door is locked and if there are any abnormalities in appearance. Weekly/monthly inspection: Check whether the grounding wire is intact, whether the ventilation system (if any) is normal, whether the markings are clear, whether there are any leakage traces inside, and whether emergency supplies are effective. Cleaning: Regularly clean the inside and outside of the cabinet to maintain cleanliness, but it is strictly prohibited to use cleaning agents that may cause chemical reactions. Important reminder: This manual is a general guide, and specific operations must strictly comply with China's national and local environmental laws and regulations (such as the Solid Waste Pollution Prevention and Control Law, the Hazardous Waste Storage Pollution Control Standards (GB 18597-2023), etc.). Enterprises must provide professional training to hazardous waste management personnel to ensure they are familiar with the hazardous characteristics and emergency measures of the managed waste. The hazardous waste temporary storage cabinet is only a temporary storage facility, with a storage period generally not exceeding one year, and must be promptly entrusted to a qualified hazardous waste treatment unit for cleaning and disposal.

　　本文由 高校實驗室危廢暫存庫  友情奉獻(xiàn).更多有關(guān)的知識請點擊  http://www.yfyw1981.com/   真誠的態(tài)度.為您提供為全面的服務(wù).更多有關(guān)的知識我們將會陸續(xù)向大家奉獻(xiàn).敬請期待.

　　This article is a friendly contribution from the hazardous waste storage facility in university laboratories For more related knowledge, please click http://www.yfyw1981.com/ Sincere attitude To provide you with comprehensive services We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone Coming soon.