工業(yè)涂裝車間是工業(yè)制造業(yè)的污染源之一，產(chǎn)生的VOCs若不進(jìn)行必要的無(wú)害化處理，隨意排放，會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境帶來(lái)嚴(yán)重的污染。本文將介紹涂裝廢氣沸石轉(zhuǎn)輪RTO工藝的工作原理。

The industrial painting workshop is one of the sources of pollution in the industrial manufacturing industry. If the VOCs generated are not treated harmlessly and discharged indiscriminately, they will cause serious pollution to the environment. This article will introduce the working principle of the zeolite rotary RTO process for coating waste gas.

1.涂裝有機(jī)廢氣介紹：

1. Introduction to organic waste gas from painting:

涂裝所用的涂料主要由樹脂、助劑、顏填料、溶劑組成，其中成膜物質(zhì)主要包含樹脂、顏填料，溶劑主要起稀釋、混合、分散樹脂、顏填料的作用，使樹脂與顏填料充分混合、不凝聚，降低沉降速率。涂料所使用溶劑的主要成份為苯、甲苯、乙苯、二甲苯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯等。涂料在噴涂、揮發(fā)、烘干過(guò)程中溶劑、助劑會(huì)逐漸揮發(fā)出來(lái)，形成有機(jī)廢氣（VOC）。有機(jī)廢氣排放到大氣中，在一定條件下通過(guò)光化學(xué)反應(yīng)，對(duì)臭氧層造成嚴(yán)重破壞，影響大氣質(zhì)量，同時(shí)若長(zhǎng)期在含有高濃幅度有機(jī)廢氣環(huán)境中工作，會(huì)損害人的中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)嚴(yán)重影響作業(yè)人員的健康。

The coatings used for painting are mainly composed of resin, additives, pigments and fillers, and solvents. The film-forming substances mainly include resin and pigments and fillers, and the solvents mainly play a role in diluting, mixing, and dispersing the resin and pigments and fillers, so that the resin and pigments and fillers are fully mixed and do not aggregate, reducing the settling rate. The main components of solvents used in coatings are benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, etc. During the spraying, volatilization, and drying processes of coatings, solvents and additives will gradually evaporate, forming organic waste gases (VOCs). Organic waste gas is emitted into the atmosphere, and under certain conditions, it causes serious damage to the ozone layer through photochemical reactions, affecting air quality. At the same time, if working in an environment containing high concentrations of organic waste gas for a long time, it will damage the central nervous system and seriously affect the health of workers.

2.沸石轉(zhuǎn)輪RTO工藝介紹：

2. Introduction to zeolite rotary RTO process:

近幾年，從國(guó)家到地方，均越來(lái)越重視環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題，各個(gè)地方在依照國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的基礎(chǔ)上均不同程度的頒布了針對(duì)涂裝行業(yè)的揮發(fā)性有機(jī)物排放控制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)內(nèi)部對(duì)VOC最高允許排放濃度及排放總量均作出嚴(yán)格要求。通過(guò)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的嚴(yán)格實(shí)施，促使相關(guān)企業(yè)對(duì)環(huán)保設(shè)施進(jìn)行改造及技術(shù)升級(jí)，并促進(jìn)行業(yè)的技術(shù)進(jìn)步。涂裝行業(yè)針對(duì)有機(jī)廢氣比較常用的處理方式以沸石轉(zhuǎn)輪RTO焚燒為例。沸石轉(zhuǎn)輪濃縮加焚燒主要分為沸石濃縮和RTO焚燒兩部分，首先是通過(guò)沸石轉(zhuǎn)輪吸附大風(fēng)量噴漆室廢氣中的低濃度VOC，然后采用小風(fēng)量高溫氣體將吸附在沸石轉(zhuǎn)輪上的VOC脫附出來(lái)，形成小風(fēng)量高濃度的VOC氣流，然后通過(guò)引風(fēng)機(jī)將脫附后的高濃度有機(jī)蒸汽送到RTO，有機(jī)蒸汽中的苯系物、烷烴類分子在RTO內(nèi)被高溫氧化成CO2和H2O，達(dá)到凈化有機(jī)蒸汽的目的。

In recent years, both the national and local governments have attached increasing importance to environmental pollution issues. Each region has issued varying degrees of volatile organic compound emission control standards for the painting industry based on national standards, and has made strict requirements for the maximum allowable VOC emission concentration and total emission amount within the standards. By strictly implementing standards, relevant enterprises are encouraged to renovate and upgrade their environmental protection facilities, and promote technological progress in the industry. The commonly used treatment method for organic waste gas in the coating industry is zeolite rotary RTO incineration. Zeolite wheel concentration and incineration are mainly divided into two parts: zeolite concentration and RTO incineration. Firstly, the zeolite wheel adsorbs low concentration VOCs in the exhaust gas of the high air volume spray booth. Then, a low air volume high-temperature gas is used to desorb the VOCs adsorbed on the zeolite wheel, forming a low air volume high concentration VOC gas flow. The desorbed high concentration organic vapor is then sent to the RTO through an induced draft fan. The benzene and alkane molecules in the organic vapor are oxidized at high temperature in the RTO to CO2 and H2O, achieving the purpose of purifying the organic vapor.

3.沸石轉(zhuǎn)輪RTO工藝原理

3. Principle of zeolite rotary RTO process

沸石轉(zhuǎn)輪濃縮吸附是利用沸石分子具有晶體、多孔的結(jié)構(gòu)特征，將有機(jī)廢氣分子和空氣分子選擇性吸附后達(dá)到進(jìn)化空氣的目的。沸石分子表面為固體骨架，各個(gè)孔穴之間由孔道相互連接，氣體分子可由孔道穿過(guò)，由于孔穴的結(jié)晶特性，使得分子篩的孔道分布均勻，孔徑大小較為均一。氣體分子經(jīng)過(guò)孔道時(shí)，會(huì)根據(jù)晶體內(nèi)部孔徑的大小對(duì)分子進(jìn)行選擇性吸附，較大的分子被吸附在晶體表面，小分子經(jīng)過(guò)孔道成為潔凈空氣，因此沸石轉(zhuǎn)輪也被稱為“分子篩”。沸石“分子篩”具有很大的比表面積，這些表面積主要在晶穴內(nèi)部，外表面積僅占總表面積的1％左右，因此具有極強(qiáng)的吸附功能，能夠有效吸附烴類和烷烴類等較小的極性較強(qiáng)的VOC類有機(jī)物分子。

Zeolite rotary wheel concentration adsorption utilizes the crystalline and porous structural characteristics of zeolite molecules to selectively adsorb organic waste gas molecules and air molecules to achieve the goal of evolving air. The surface of zeolite molecules is a solid skeleton, and the pores are connected to each other by pores. Gas molecules can pass through the pores. Due to the crystallization characteristics of the pores, the pore distribution of the molecular sieve is uniform, and the pore size is relatively uniform. When gas molecules pass through the pores, they selectively adsorb based on the size of the pore size inside the crystal. Larger molecules are adsorbed on the surface of the crystal, while smaller molecules become clean air through the pores. Therefore, zeolite wheels are also known as "molecular sieves". Zeolite "molecular sieve" has a large specific surface area, which is mainly located inside the crystal cavity, with the outer surface area accounting for only about 1% of the total surface area. Therefore, it has extremely strong adsorption function and can effectively adsorb smaller and more polar VOC organic molecules such as hydrocarbons and alkanes.

沸石轉(zhuǎn)輪分為吸附區(qū)、脫附區(qū)和冷卻區(qū)，大風(fēng)量低濃度的有機(jī)蒸汽經(jīng)過(guò)吸附區(qū)后，有機(jī)分子被吸附在分子篩的表面，當(dāng)吸附到一定程度之后，用小風(fēng)量的高溫氣體進(jìn)行反向吹掃，將有機(jī)分子從分子篩中脫離出來(lái)，同時(shí)用部分低濃度的有機(jī)蒸汽對(duì)分子篩進(jìn)行降溫，通過(guò)以上步驟將有機(jī)蒸汽濃縮、分離，將大風(fēng)量低濃度的有機(jī)蒸汽轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楦邼舛?、低風(fēng)量的廢氣。沸石轉(zhuǎn)輪具有如下特點(diǎn)：結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、體積小；單位體積吸附量大，系統(tǒng)總處理風(fēng)量大；蜂窩結(jié)構(gòu)空氣阻力小、系統(tǒng)壓力損失低，結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度高、使用壽命長(zhǎng)，能實(shí)現(xiàn)吸附，脫附的連續(xù)處理，適應(yīng)大風(fēng)量，連續(xù)作業(yè)場(chǎng)所。

The zeolite wheel is divided into an adsorption zone, a desorption zone, and a cooling zone. After the high air volume and low concentration organic vapor pass through the adsorption zone, the organic molecules are adsorbed on the surface of the molecular sieve. After adsorption to a certain extent, a low air volume high-temperature gas is used for reverse blowing to remove the organic molecules from the molecular sieve. At the same time, some low concentration organic vapor is used to cool the molecular sieve. Through the above steps, the organic vapor is concentrated and separated, and the high air volume and low concentration organic vapor is converted into high concentration and low air volume waste gas. The zeolite wheel has the following characteristics: compact structure and small volume; The adsorption capacity per unit volume is large, and the total processing air volume of the system is large; Honeycomb structure has low air resistance, low system pressure loss, high structural strength, long service life, and can achieve continuous treatment of adsorption and desorption. It is suitable for high air volume and continuous work environments.

RTO，是利用輔助燃料系統(tǒng)，把可燃的有害氣體的溫度提高到反應(yīng)溫度，從而使有害氣體分子發(fā)生氧化分解，達(dá)到氣體凈化目的的專業(yè)設(shè)備。廢氣焚燒爐按熱量回收方式的不同分直燃式廢氣焚燒爐（TNV）和蓄熱式廢氣焚燒爐（RTO），從節(jié)省能源的角度考慮，多采用蓄熱廢氣焚燒爐。

RTO， It is a professional equipment that uses an auxiliary fuel system to raise the temperature of combustible harmful gases to the reaction temperature, thereby causing the oxidation and decomposition of harmful gas molecules, achieving the purpose of gas purification. Waste gas incinerators are divided into direct combustion waste gas incinerators (TNV) and regenerative waste gas incinerators (RTO) according to different heat recovery methods. From the perspective of energy conservation, regenerative waste gas incinerators are often used.

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